Sankey charts, also known as flow diagrams or network diagrams, are a fascinating data visualization tool that uses color and shape to visually represent the flow of information and resources in a network. They have gained recognition in recent years for their ability to convey complex data in a clear and engaging manner, particularly in fields such as business, engineering, and scientific research. In this article, we’ll delve into the art of Sankey chart creation and its multitude of applications.

What are Sankey Charts?

A Sankey chart, invented by Rudolf von Mises in 1885, is a type of horizontal bar chart that emphasizes the direction and flow of data between interconnected elements. Each segment of the bar represents a specific flow, with a thinner line signifying a reduction in quantity or a lesser volume of data, and a thicker one indicating an increment or a greater quantity. The use of color is crucial in Sankey diagrams, as it not only conveys the direction but also the magnitude of the flow.

Creating a Sankey Chart: A Step-by-Step Process

1. Identify the Data: Determine the information you want to visualize. This could be a flow of products or services, financial transactions, energy consumption, or any other data that can be represented in a flow-like topology.

2. Select a Layout: The standard Sankey chart has a horizontal format with bars stacked vertically and connected by series of lines. You can choose to arrange the bars in columns or rows, depending on the clarity it offers and the space you have available.

3. Determine Scale and Direction: Each bar or segment represents a flow. Specify the direction by drawing arrows from the input to the output, ensuring that the flow direction flows from left to right (or vice versa) in a standardized manner.

4. Label the Bars: Clearly label each bar and segment with the related data, such as the amount, quantity, or any other relevant information. Use consistent and compact labels to avoid clutter.

5. Color Coding: Assign distinct colors to each flow to convey intensity or quantity. You can use a color gradient or a key to indicate the variation in the flow.

6. Visual Enhancements: Add details such as labels for critical flows, hovering tooltips, or interactive elements to facilitate further exploration.

Applications of Sankey Charts

1. Business Analysis: Sankey charts help in understanding resource allocation, identifying bottlenecks, and optimizing supply chains. For instance, in manufacturing or logistics, they can reveal the flow of raw materials, production, and distribution.

2. Energy and Environment: They are commonly used in energy audits to visualize the energy consumption of a system and the efficiency gains from different interventions.

3. Finance and Accounting: In financial transactions, Sankey charts can highlight the sources and destinations of funds, helping to detect financial flows and discrepancies.

4. Data Science and Machine Learning: They help visualize and compare the performance of different models or algorithms in a data-driven analysis.

5. Policy and Social Impact: Sankey charts are useful in policy-making processes to show the distribution and impact of a policy or program across various sectors or populations.

6. Education: In teaching, Sankey charts can simplify the process of explaining scientific concepts, such as energy conversions or chemical reactions.

Conclusion

Sankey charts are a powerful instrument for exploring and presenting complex data in a colorful and creative way. Their innovative visual representation capabilities make them an indispensable tool in understanding the flow and dynamics of information in various domains. As you create and experiment with Sankey charts, remember the Art of Sankey Charts: use color wisely, ensure a clear flow, and communicate your message effectively. Happy data visualization!

SankeyMaster

SankeyMaster is your go-to tool for creating complex Sankey charts . Easily enter data and create Sankey charts that accurately reveal intricate data relationships.